Social Sciences: K-12

K.4 Distinguish between personal wants and needs. 

K.5 Identify forms of US money and explain how money is used. 

K.6 Give examples of different jobs performed in communities. 

K.7 Identify examples of ownership of different items, recognizing the difference between private and public ownership, the responsibility for stewardship and guardianship, (such as classroom, playground, library, community, the environment, etc.) and the opportunity for borrowing and sharing. 

K.8 Explain how people earn income and that some jobs earn money while others are volunteer.

K.9 Identify, compare, and contrast pictures, maps, and globes.  K.10 Locate, identify and describe places of importance to self, family, school, and culture. 

K.12 Use terms related to location, direction, and distance (such as over/under, here/there, left/right, above/below, forward/backward, between). 

K.14  Identify examples of unfairness or injustice towards individuals or groups and the “changemakers,” who worked to make the world better. 

K.13 Understand that events happen in a sequential order. 

K.16 Understand and create timelines to show basic personal events in sequential order.

K.1  Engage in respectful dialogue with classmates to define diversity comparing and contrasting visible and invisible similarities and differences. 

K.17  Make connections identifying similarities and differences including race, ethnicity, culture, disability, and gender between self and others.  

K.2 Use and identify respectful dialogue, taking turns, and explain how rules are different in different settings. 

K.3 Develop an understanding of one's own identity groups including, but not limited to, race, gender, family, ethnicity, culture, religion, and ability. 

K.11  Examine culturally significant traditions, celebrations, days, and places including those from cultures that are currently and historically marginalized. 

K.15 Distinguish between past and present. 

K.18 Compare and contrast past and present events or practices. K.19  Identify possible solutions to injustices that demonstrate fairness and empathy.

K.20 Given context clues, develop a reasonable idea about who, when, where, and why the primary or secondary source was created. (Social Science Analysis)

*In K-5, the skills relevant to Communication are addressed with the K-5 Language Arts Targets (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening) that have overlapping skills with Communication.

1.1  Describe the responsibilities of leaders and team members and participate in the creation and following of rules for group activities. 

1.2  Identify and apply civic virtues (such as freedom, liberty, respect for individual rights, diversity, equity, justice, deliberation, and equality) when interacting with classmates, families, and the school community. 

1.3 Identify sources of income (some examples could be gifts, borrowing, allowance, work wages, government assistance).

1.6 Locate and identify important places in the community (school, library, fire department, cultural places, etc.). 

1.7 Explain how seasonal changes influence activities in school and community. 

1.8 Give examples of local natural resources and describe how people use them.

1.9 Construct maps (including mental maps), graphs, and other representations of familiar places. 

1.15 Use terms related to time to place events that have occurred in sequential order. 1.16 Develop and analyze a simple timeline of important family events in sequential order. 

1.4  Define equity, equality, and systems of power. 

1.5 Identify choices and decisions for various uses of money (saving, spending and sharing/contributing). 

1.10 Understand that families have a past.

1.12  Describe how individual and group characteristics are used to divide, unite, and categorize racial, ethnic, and social groups.

1.13  Examine and understand your own self-identity and how it fits with the identity of the family, school, and the local community. 

1.14  Identify and explain the perspectives of racial, ethnic, and social groups in our community on local issues including individuals who are American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian or Americans of African, Asian, Pacific Island, Chicano/a, Latino/a, or Middle Eastern descent; individuals from all religious backgrounds; and individuals from traditionally marginalized groups. 

1.19 Identify cause-and-effect relationships. 

1.20 Identify and explain a range of issues and problems and some ways that people are addressing them. 

1.21  Identify ways that students can take informed action to help address issues and problems at school and/or in the community. 

1.11 Identify, affirm, respect, and explain the diverse cultural heritage, songs, symbols, and celebrations of my community and the diverse social and ethnic groups in Oregon and the United States of America. 

1.17 Explain the use of different kinds of historical sources to study the past. 

1.18 Generate questions about a particular historical source (such as photo, letter, or document) as it relates to a family’s history. 

1.22 Determine if a source is primary or secondary and distinguish whether it is mostly fact or opinion. 

*In K-5, the skills relevant to Communication are addressed with the K-5 Language Arts Targets (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening) that have overlapping skills with Communication.

2.2 Identify services provided by the city government. 

2.5 Identify city and civic leaders and their functions. 

2.7 Identify local businesses and the goods and services they produce.

2.8 Describe the role of banks in an economy.

2.9 Explain various methods of saving and how saving can help reach both short and long-term financial goals. 

2.11 Use basic information on maps and other geographic tools to locate, identify and describe physical and human features of the community. 

2.12 Identify relative location of school and community in the state, nation and the world. 

2.14 Use and apply cardinal directions to locate and identify features on maps (such as oceans, cities, continents). 

2.15 Use a simple grid system, symbols, and other information to locate the physical and political features of places on maps and globes. 

2.16  Identify the history and narratives of traditionally included and excluded individuals, groups, and circumstances that impact the local community. 

2.18 Differentiate between events that happened in the recent and distant past.

2.1  Compare personal point of view with others’ perspectives when participating in rule setting and addressing issues of fairness. 

2.3  Explain and evaluate how individuals, groups, and communities identify and manage conflict and promote justice and equity. 

2.4  Give examples of and identify appropriate and inappropriate use of power and its effect in creating outcomes for diverse groups. 

2.6  Describe and analyze the different ways students can have an effect on their local community. 

2.10  Explain how inherited wealth and scarcity affect individual and group power and the ability to make decisions about personal savings and spending. 

2.13  Identify the cultural characteristics of my group identity, (including race, culture, and gender) and of the local community. 

2.17 Identify and describe community celebrations, landmarks, symbols from a variety of traditions and explain why they are significant to the cultural heritage of members of the community. 

2.21 Explain how people and events of the past influence the present. 

2.22 Understand that cause and effect relationships help recount events, and understand the events that led to the development of the community.  

2.23 Describe the connection between two or more current or historical events. 

2.24 Compare and contrast past and present situations, people, and events in neighborhoods and communities.

2.25 Evaluate information relating to an issue or problem. 

2.26  Use listening, consensus-building, and voting procedures to decide on and take informed action to interrupt injustice or promote justice in their community.

2.19 Develop and analyze a timeline of events in the history of the local community.

2.20 Generate questions using a historical source as it relates to the local community’s history.
 

*In K-5, the skills relevant to Communication are addressed with the K-5 Language Arts Targets (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening) that have overlapping skills with Communication.

3.1 Examine how different levels of city and county government provide services to members of a community.
 
3.2 Describe the responsibilities of people in their community and state.  

3.3 Explain how a community relies on active civic participation and identify opportunities for student participation in local and regional issues.   

3.6 Identify key industries of Oregon.  

3.10 Identify and analyze Oregon’s natural resources and describe how people in Oregon and other parts of the world use them. 

3.8 Use geographical tools (maps, satellite images, photographs, Google Earth, and other representations) to identify multiple ways to divide Oregon into areas (such as tribal, river systems, interstate highways, county, physical, industry, agricultural). 

3.9 Describe and compare physical and human characteristics of regions in Oregon (tribal, cultural, agricultural, industrial, etc.).  

3.4  Describe the use of stereotypes and targeted marketing in creating demand for consumer products.

3.5 Explain how profit influences sellers in markets.

3.7 Analyze the impact of personal financial decisions on personal, community, regional, and world resources. (i.e. how individual financial actions have an impact on myself/others/resources.)

3.11  Describe how the inclusion or exclusion of individuals, social and ethnic groups, including individuals who are American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian or Americans of African, Asian, Pacific Island, Chicano, Latino, or Middle Eastern descent,religious groups, and other traditionally marginalized groups has shaped events and development of the local community and region.

3.12  Describe how the identity of the local community shaped its history and compare it to other communities in the region.

3.18  Identify how systems of power, including white supremacy, institutional racism, racial hierarchy, and oppression affect the perspectives of different individuals and groups when examining an event, issue, or problem with an emphasis on multiple perspectives.  

3.14 Explain why individuals and groups (e.g. socioeconomic, ethnic, and religious groups, and other traditionally marginalized groups) in the same historical period differed in the way they viewed and interpreted historical events.

3.13 Apply research skills and technologies to gather information about the past in a region.  

3.15 Explain how sources serve different purposes for answering historical questions.

3.16 Generate questions using multiple historical sources and examine their validity.  

3.17 Use a variety of historical sources including artifacts, pictures and documents to identify factual evidence.

3.19 Analyze different ways that people, other living things, and the environment might be affected by an event, issue, or problem.

*In K-5, the skills relevant to Communication are addressed with the K-5 Language Arts Targets (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening) that have overlapping skills with Communication.

4.2 Explain how Oregon achieved statehood and identify the stakeholders involved. 

4.3  Examine the Government and Constitutions of the nine federally recognized Oregon tribes.  
4.6 Demonstrate understanding of needs and wants using a budget. 

4.7 Determine the consequences of sharing personal information with others.

4.8 Explain the interactions between the Pacific Northwest physical systems and human systems, with a focus on Native Americans in that region.  

4.10  Identify political, economic, cultural and physical conflicts, including genocide, involving the use of land, natural resources, economic interests, competition for scarce resources, different political views, boundary disputes, and cultural differences within Oregon’s different geographical areas and people groups who lived in those areas.  

4.15 Give examples of how changes in Oregon’s agricultural, industrial, political, and business development over time, impacts people of the state including traditionally underrepresented groups.   

4.17  Create and evaluate timelines exploring the relationships among the people, events, and movements of resistance and justice in Oregon.  

4.18 Use primary and secondary sources to explain events in Oregon history.  

4.21 Construct explanations using reasoning, correct sequence, examples and details with relevant information and data. 

4.2 Explain how Oregon achieved statehood and identify the stakeholders involved. 

4.3  Examine the Government and Constitutions of the nine federally recognized Oregon tribes.  
4.6 Demonstrate understanding of needs and wants using a budget. 

4.7 Determine the consequences of sharing personal information with others. 

4.8 Explain the interactions between the Pacific Northwest physical systems and human systems, with a focus on Native Americans in that region.  

4.10  Identify political, economic, cultural and physical conflicts, including genocide, involving the use of land, natural resources, economic interests, competition for scarce resources, different political views, boundary disputes, and cultural differences within Oregon’s different geographical areas and people groups who lived in those areas.  

4.15 Give examples of how changes in Oregon’s agricultural, industrial, political, and business development over time, impacts people of the state including traditionally underrepresented groups.  

4.17  Create and evaluate timelines exploring the relationships among the people, events, and movements of resistance and justice in Oregon.  

4.18 Use primary and secondary sources to explain events in Oregon history.  

4.21 Construct explanations using reasoning, correct sequence, examples and details with relevant information and data. 

4.12  Analyze the distinct way of knowing and living amongst the different American Indian tribes in Oregon prior to colonization, such as religion, language, and cultural practices and the impact of acculturation and the ongoing perseverance and exercise of tribal sovereignty of Native Americans.  

4.13  Identify and explain how discrimination based on race, gender, economic, and social group identity created and continues to affect the history, growth, and current experience of residents of Oregon. 

4.14  Give examples of how early non-American Indian explorers and settlers in Oregon changed Oregon’s agriculture, settlement patterns, industrial, political, and business development over time, and its impact on the people of the state including people of different socioeconomic status, racial/ethnic groups, religious groups, and other traditionally marginalized groups.   

4.22 Analyze historical accounts related to Oregon to understand cause-and-effect. 

4.24 Explain individual and cooperative approaches people have taken, or could take in the future, to address local, regional, and global problems, as well as predict possible results of those actions.  

4.16 Distinguish between fact and fiction in historical accounts by comparing documentary sources on historical figures and events with fictional characters and events in stories. 

4.19 Infer the purpose of a primary source and from that the intended audience. 

4.20 Compare eyewitness and secondhand accounts of an event. 

4.23 Determine the validity of multiple sources, both historical and current, including but not limited to, diverse, primary and secondary sources.

*In K-5, the skills relevant to Communication are addressed with the K-5 Language Arts Targets (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening) that have overlapping skills with Communication.

5.3  Compare and contrast the British monarchy, American colonial governments, and Tribal governments through their various interactions.  

5.4  Identify the mechanisms of power and the principles of democracy found in the ideas and laws of the founding documents of the U.S. Government.  

5.5 Describe how the national government affects local, state, and Oregon tribal governments. 

5.6  Examine the significance of the slave trade in, among, and between the North  American colonies, Europe, Asia, and Africa.  

5.7 Explain the purpose of taxes and give examples of their use from current and U.S. history. 

5.9 Use geographical tools (maps, satellite images, photographs, Google Earth, and other representations) to investigate and compare how areas in the United States can be divided in multiple ways.

5.11 Describe how physical, human, and political features influence events, movements, and adaptation to the environment. 

5.12 Describe how technological developments, societal decisions, and personal practices affect sustainability in the United States.  

5.13 Describe how natural and human-made events in one place affect people in other places.

5.18 Explain multiple perspectives and probable causes and effects of events leading to colonial independence from British Rule.  

5.21 Identify the scope and explain the significance of the enslavement of Indigenous Peoples and Africans in the establishment of North American colonies. 

5.1 Analyze how cooperation and conflict among people contribute to political, economic, religious, and current social events and situations in the United States. 

5.2  Examine and critique how colonial and new states’ governments established, limited or denied rights and responsibilities of specific groups and individuals with particular attention to citizens, enslaved peoples, foreigners, nobles, religious groups, women, class systems, tribes.
 
5.8 Analyze career choices through the return on investment (qualifications, education, and income potential).  

5.10  Identify and analyze the implications and cultural ramifications for Native American Tribes of the movement of people, goods, ideas, and cultural patterns to what became the United States, considering past, present, and future trends. 

5.14 Analyze the distinct way of knowing and living amongst the different American Indian tribes of North America prior to contact in the late 15th and 16th centuries, such as religion, language, and cultural practices and the subsequent impact of that contact. 

5.15 Locate and examine accounts of early Spanish, French and British explorations of North America noting major land and water routes, reasons for exploration, and the location and impact of exploration and settlement. 

5.16 Explain the religious, political, and economic reasons for the movement of people from Europe to the Americas, and analyze the multiple perspectives of the interactions between settlers and American Indians. 

5.19 Identify and examine the roles and impact of diverse groups of people (e.g. gender roles, social roles, political and economic structures) within the 13 British colonies that became the United States  including individuals who are American Indian/Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian or Americans of African, Asian, Pacific Island, Chicano, Latino, or Middle Eastern descent, religious groups, and other traditionally marginalized groups.  

5.20 Identify and examine the roles that American Indians had in the development of the United States. 

5.22  Examine how the decisions of those in power affected those with less political/economic power in past and current movements for equality, freedom, and justice with connections to the present-day reality.  

5.25  Develop an understanding of why individuals and groups from various ethnic and religious and traditionally marginalized groups during the same historical period, differed in their perspectives of events, laws/policies, or movements in the United States.  

5.23 Summarize how different kinds of historical sources are used to explain events in the past.  
5.24  Use primary and secondary sources to formulate historical questions and to examine multiple accounts or perspectives of a historical issue or time.  

5.26 Gather, assess, and use information from multiple primary and secondary sources (such as print, electronic, interviews, speeches, images) to examine an event, issue, or problem through inquiry and research.
 
5.27 Identify characteristics of an event, issue, or problem, suggesting possible causes and results.  

5.28 Propose a response or solution to an issue or problem, utilizing research, to support the position.  

5.29 Use a range of collaborative procedures to make decisions about and act on civic issues or problems.

*In K-5, the skills relevant to Communication are addressed with the K-5 Language Arts Targets (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening) that have overlapping skills with Communication.

6.1 Compare and contrast early forms of governance including the treatment of historically marginalized groups and individuals via the study of early major western and non-western civilizations.

6.3 Examine the origins, purposes, and impact of constitutions, laws, treaties, and international agreements.

6.2 Describe current forms of government in countries in the Western Hemisphere and the specific roles played by citizens in countries of the Western Hemisphere.

6.4 Identify and analyze historical and contemporary means that societies have undertaken for the expansion of justice, equality, and equity for individuals and/or groups of previously historically underrepresented groups.

6.14 Identify and describe how the physical and human characteristics of places and regions connect to human identities and cultures in the Western Hemisphere. 

6.15 Explain and demonstrate how changes in transportation and communication technology affect the spatial connections among human settlements and the diffusion of ideas and cultural practices (such as religion, land use, population). 

6.16 Explain how technological developments, societal decisions, and personal practices influence sustainability.

6.9 Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of checks, stored value cards, debit cards, gift cards, and online and mobile payments.

6.10 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of borrowing money to buy something. 

6.11 Identify and explain ways to manage risk and how insurance plays a role in mitigating loss. 

6.12 Define and explain the following: spending, savings, credit, and debt.

6.17 Identify and examine the roles and impact of diverse groups of people (social roles, political and economic structures, and family and community systems) across Indigenous civilizations. 

6.19 Examine the historic and current contributions and relevance of Indigenous cultures. 

6.6 Analyze the roles of competition, supply, and demand in determining prices and wages. 

6.7 Explain the function of imports, exports, and trade in the economy. 

6.8 Evaluate alternative approaches or solutions to economic issues in terms of benefits and costs for historically marginalized groups and individuals in early major western and non-western civilizations. 

6.13 Construct and analyze maps, graphs, charts, models, and databases to make inferences and predictions regarding geographic distributions of physical and human characteristics. 

6.18 Evaluate the impact of systems of colonial cultures on the Indigenous peoples, such as termination, sovereignty, and treaties.

6.20 Identify and analyze the causes and effects of oppression and resistance in the living histories of historically marginalized groups in the Western Hemisphere.

6.21 Identify the motivations, tools, and implications of power, authority, and governance as it relates to systems and tools of oppression (e.g., bias, injustice, discrimination, racism, antisemitism, and stereotypes) and its impact on ethnic and religious groups and other historically marginalized groups of the Western Hemisphere.  

6.22 Compare alternative ways that historical periods and eras are designated and time is marked in the Western Hemisphere (e.g. since time immemorial, ad infinitum, linear, cyclical, lunar, solar, BCE, CE, BC, AD, decade, century, millennium).

6.23 Explain and analyze the historical context of key people, cultures, products, events, and ideas over time including the examination of different perspectives from Indigenous people, ethnic and religious groups, and other traditionally marginalized groups throughout the Western Hemisphere. 

6.28 Construct arguments using claims and evidence from multiple sources while acknowledging the strengths and limitations of these arguments. 

6.27 Assess individual and collective capacities to take action to address local and regional issues, taking into account a range of possible levers of power, strategies, and potential outcomes.

6.5 Investigate current issues and how they relate to other countries. 

6.24 Gather, interpret, document, and use information from multiple sources and diverse media, distinguish facts from opinions while recognizing points of view through inquiry and research. 

6.25 Critique information by determining its sufficiency to answer questions and if the source is credible. 

6.26 Analyze how a specific problem can manifest itself at local, regional, and global levels. Identify challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address a specific problem.

7.1 Describe the role of citizens in governments.  

7.2 Compare and contrast early forms of governance and the global economic systems, including the treatment of historically marginalized groups and individuals (i.e. Indigenous peoples, ethnic and religious minorities) via the study of early civilizations of the Eastern Hemisphere.

7.10 Compare the costs and benefits of buying on credit (e.g., investment, debt, foreclosure, interest).

7.11 Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different types of monetary and financial systems (e.g., trade, bartering, modern types of payments, currency).

7.12 Define and explain the following: employment, income, and investing.

7.15 Identify and describe how the relationship to land, utilization of natural resources, displacement, and land ownership impacts historically underrepresented identities, cultures, and communities in the Eastern Hemisphere.

7.17 Describe the historical and current physical, cultural, and economic characteristics of ecoregions.  

7.18 Explain how technological developments, societal decisions, and personal practices influence sustainability in the Eastern Hemisphere.

7.16 Explain how changes in transportation and communication technology affect the spatial connections among human settlements and the diffusion of ideas and cultural practices. 

7.19 Determine and explain the interdependence of people around the world during significant eras or events.

7.23 Examine the importance of trade routes and trace the rise of cultural centers.

7.21 Describe and compare the beliefs, the spread, and the influence of religions (monotheism and polytheism).

7.24 Compare alternative ways that historical periods and eras are designated and time is marked in the Eastern Hemisphere (e.g. since time immemorial, ad infinitum, linear, cyclical, lunar, solar, BCE, CE, BC, AD, decade, century, millennium).

7.25 Identify the motivations, tools, and implications of power, authority, and governance as it relates to systems and tools of oppression (e.g., bias, injustice, discrimination, racism, antisemitism, and stereotypes) and its impact on ethnic and religious groups and other historically marginalized groups of the Eastern Hemisphere.   

7.4 Analyze the origins, and influence of historical documents, philosophies, religious systems and values, on the development of modern governments and the concept of individual rights, responsibilities for the expansion of justice, equality, and equity for individuals and/or groups of previously historically underrepresented groups.

7.5 Identifying and analyzing historical and contemporary means societies have undertaken for the expansion of justice, equality, and equity for individuals and/or groups of previously historically underrepresented groups. 

7.6 Explain the function of profit in the economy.

7.7 Analyze the roles of competition, supply, and demand in determining prices, wages, services, and labor.

7.8 Examine how economic decisions affect the well-being of individuals, businesses, and society.

7.9 Compare and contrast the function of imports, exports, and barriers and the effects on various groups in regards to trade within mercantilism versus a free-trade global economy.

7.13 Construct and use maps, graphs, charts, models, and databases to make analytical inferences and predictions regarding geographic distributions.

7.14 Interpret maps and other geographic tools to find patterns in human and physical systems.

7.20 Identify and examine the roles and impact of diverse groups of people (social roles, political and economic structures, family and community systems) across Indigenous civilizations, ethnic and religious groups, and other historically underrepresented groups throughout the Eastern Hemisphere.

7.22 Compare the political, technological, and cultural achievements of individuals and groups; and the transformation of cultures and civilizations.

7.26 Identify and analyze the causes and effects of oppression and resistance in the living histories of historically marginalized groups in the Eastern Hemisphere. 

7.29 Assess individual and collective capacities to take informed action to address local, regional, and global problems, taking into account a range of possible levers of power, strategies, and potential outcomes.

7.30 Construct arguments using claims and evidence from multiple sources and diverse media while acknowledging the strengths and limitations of the arguments. 

7.3 Investigate various current issues in the Eastern Hemisphere and how they relate to other countries throughout the world.  

7.27 Critique and analyze information for point of view, historical context, distortion, propaganda, and relevance including sources with conflicting information.

7.28 Draw on multiple disciplinary lenses to analyze how a specific problem can manifest itself at local, regional, and global levels over time, identifying its characteristics and causes, and the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem. 

8.1 Compare and contrast the Articles of Confederation to the U.S. Constitution.  

8.2 Identify and understand how to apply the rights and responsibilities of individuals under the Constitution.

8.3 Compare and contrast how European governments and the United States government interacted with Indigenous peoples. 

8.4 Examine the evolution of political parties and interest groups and their effect on events, issues, and ideas. 

8.10 Explain the specific roles and responsibilities of citizens in a participatory democracy.  

8.11 Compare and contrast the United States’ republican form of government to direct democracy, theocracy, oligarchy, authoritarianism, and monarchy.

8.15 Compare and contrast different types of financial institutions and the services they provide (e.g. fees, services)

8.16 Explain how compound interest can generate both wealth and debt.

8.17 Define and analyze the concept of “fair lending practices” and the history of discrimination and systemic inequalities in the US financial system.  

8.18 Describe how marketing and advertising can influence financial decision-making such as spending and saving decisions. 

8.20 Identify and describe patterns and networks of economic interdependence, migration, settlement, cultural diffusion, and modern technological development.

8.21 Explain how technological developments (such as the cotton gin, roads, railroads, canals, etc.), societal decisions, and personal practices interact with the physical environment in the United States (e.g sustainability, economics ecosystems).

8.24 Examine the causes of westward expansion, the resulting cultural and physical genocide, and the methods of resistance, change, and adaptation, by Indigenous peoples in response to the invasion of their lands.

8.26 Analyze the figures, groups, events, and philosophies that led to the United States’ colonial independence from British Rule.  

8.29 Identify and analyze the forms of resistance utilized by enslaved people, including self emancipation, sabotage, and rebellion.  

8.32 Identify and analyze methods of subversion, resistance, challenge, and perseverance, within and among the intersecting identities of ethnic and social groups traditionally excluded from historical narratives. 

8.5 Examine and analyze significant documents establishing civil rights in the United States and Oregon, including (but not limited to) the Constitution, Bill of Rights, 13th -15th Amendments and Oregon Constitution.

8.6 Examine and evaluate legal structures (e.g., Black Codes, Jim Crow, etc.) and Supreme Court decisions up to 1900 and their lasting impact on the status, rights, and liberties of historically underrepresented individuals and groups.

8.7 Analyze the methods of individuals and movements responsible/necessary for the expanding eligibility of citizenship and the continuing struggle for the expansion of rights and responsibility for ethnic and other historically underrepresented groups at both the local and national level.

8.8 Analyze important political and ethical values such as freedom, democracy, equality, equity, and justice embodied in documents such as the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights.

8.9 Compare historical and contemporary means of changing societies and identify individuals and/or groups promoting the common good including the importance of advocacy and activism related to socio-economic resistance (i.e. civil rights, LGBTQ+ rights, worker’s rights) for the expansion of justice, equality, and equity for individuals and/or groups of previously historically underrepresented groups.

8.12 Analyze the roles of competition, supply, and demand in determining prices, wages, services, labor, credit, taxes, tariffs, and foreign currencies.

8.13 Assess the function of imports, exports, innovation, and entrepreneurship in a market economy

8.14 Examine and explain the significance of historic and modern-day exploitative labor systems (e.g., enslavement, chattel slavery, indenture, human trafficking, peonage, convict leasing, sharecropping, migrant labor, and immigrant labor) in the development of the economic system in the U.S.

8.19 Interpret maps to identify the growth and development of the United States (such as spatial population density, mental maps, and spatial patterns of world trade).

8.25 Evaluate the impact of the intersectionality of what constitutes identity including, including but not limited to, gender, age, race, ethnicity, religion, physical and mental disability, and class on the living histories and experiences of peoples, groups, and events.

8.27 Determine and explain the importance and contributions (products, events, actions, and ideas) of key people, cultures, and ethnic groups, religious groups, and other historically underrepresented groups in Oregon, the United States, and the world.

8.28 Critique and analyze historical events to recognize power, authority, religion, economics, and governance as they relate to systemic oppression and its impact on Indigenous peoples, ethnic and religious groups, and other historically marginalized groups in the colonial and modern era. 

8.31 Synthesize information and data to construct an account of historical events that includes multiple sources and varied perspectives.

8.34 Analyze how a specific problem can manifest itself at local, regional, and global levels over time, identifying its characteristics and causes, and the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem. 

8.35 Analyze and apply a range of deliberative and collaborative procedures to make decisions and take informed action.

8.36 Construct explanations using reasoning, correct sequence, examples, and details with relevant information and data while acknowledging the strengths and weaknesses of the explanations. 

8.22 Evaluate continuity and change over the course of United States history by analyzing examples of class, gender, religious, regional, and racial conflict, compromise, cooperation, interdependence, and the pursuit of social justice from multiple perspectives.

8.23 Evaluate the continuity and change over the course of United States history by analyzing the key people and events from the 1780s through Reconstruction.

8.30 Use and interpret relevant primary and secondary sources pertaining to U.S. History from multiple perspectives. 

8.33 Critique and analyze information for point of view, historical context, distortion, bias, propaganda, and relevance including sources with conflicting information in order to question the dominant narratives in history.

8.34 Analyze how a specific problem can manifest itself at local, regional, and global levels over time, identifying its characteristics and causes, and the challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address the problem.

8.35 Analyze and apply a range of deliberative and collaborative procedures to make decisions and take informed action. 

HS.52 Evaluate continuity and change over the course of world and United States history. 

HS.53 Analyze the complexity of the interaction of multiple perspectives to investigate causes and effects of significant events in the development of world, U.S., and Oregon history. 

HS.54  Explain the development and significance of major philosophies, world religions, faiths,  belief systems, including “non-Western” religion and belief systems.  

HS.55  Analyze and explain the significance of the interaction of major world religions, faiths, belief systems, philosophies, and writings in the development of local, state, national, and global  society. 

HS.56  Analyze the historical development and impact of major scientific and technological  innovations, political theory, and art and literature. 

HS.63  Examine the personal and historical development of identity, including concepts of race,  ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and religion.  

HS.65  Identify and explain strategies of survivance, resistance and societal change by individuals and traditionally marginalized groups confronting discrimination, genocide, and other forms of  violence, based on race, national origin, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and gender. 

HS.39  Use maps, satellite images, photographs, and other representations to explain relationships between the locations of places and regions and their political, cultural, and  economic dynamics.  

HS.44 Assess how changes in the environmental and cultural characteristics of a place or  region influence spatial patterns of trade, land use, and issues of sustainability. 

HS.45 Identify and explain how political and economic power dynamics throughout time have influenced cultural and environmental characteristics of various places and regions. 

HS.46 Analyze how humans have used technology to modify the physical environment (e.g. dams, tractor, housing types, and transportation systems). 

HS.12 Analyze how determinants cause supply and demand to shift and the impact on  secondary markets. 

HS.23 Explain how the global economy has developed and describe the involvement of free trade, comparative advantage, specialization, and interdependence. 

HS.25 Describe characteristics of command, market, traditional, and mixed economies and the effect on jobs and standards of living.   

HS.26 Explain why advancements in technology and investments in capital goods and human capital increase economic growth and standards of living.   

HS.27 Analyze the role of comparative advantage in international trade of goods and services.  

HS.61 Analyze and explain the multiple experiences and perspectives of ethnic and traditionally marginalized groups to investigate conflicting interpretations of past and present events of national and/or global interest. 

HS.64 Analyze the significance of identity in the distribution and accumulation of social, political,  and economic power. 

HS.70 Identify and critique how the perspective of contemporary thinking influences our view of history. 

HS.78  Identify and critique how implicit bias, institutional racism, racial supremacy, privilege,  intersectionality, and identity, influence perspectives in the understanding of history and contemporary  events. 

HS.24  Explain how current globalization trends and policies affect economic growth, labor  markets, labor conditions, human rights, the environment, and resource and income distribution in different nations.  

HS.40  Use geographic data to analyze the interconnectedness of physical and human regional  systems (such as a river valley and culture, water rights/use in regions, choice/impact of settlement  locations) and their interconnectedness to global communities. 

HS.41  Analyze migration patterns to understand the relationships among major events, government  policies, private action, and spatial diffusion of ideas, technologies, and cultural practices, in the  distribution of human populations, segregation of communities, and marginalization and empowerment of individuals and groups. 

HS.43  Evaluate how economic globalization and the expanding use of scarce resources contribute to conflict and cooperation within and among countries. 

HS.47  Assess the impact of human settlement activities on the environmental and cultural characteristics of specific places and regions. 

HS.48  Determine the influence of long-term climate change and variability on human migration, settlement patterns, resource use, and land uses at local-to-global scales.  

HS.49  Evaluate the consequences of human-made and natural catastrophes on global trade, politics, and human migration. 

HS.69  Create and defend a historical argument utilizing primary and secondary sources as evidence.  

HS.71 Construct arguments using precise claims, integrating and evaluating information provided by multiple sources, diverse media, and formats, while acknowledging counterclaims and evidentiary strengths and weaknesses. 

HS.72 Construct explanations using sound reasoning, correct sequence (linear or nonlinear), examples,  and details with significant and pertinent information and data, while acknowledging the strengths and  weaknesses of the explanations given its purpose (such as validity, value and limitation, cause and  effect, chronological, procedural, technical). 

HS.77  Engage in informed and respectful deliberation and discussion of issues, events, and ideas applying a range of strategies and procedures to make decisions and take informed action. 

HS.38  Use technologies to create maps to display and explain the spatial patterns of cultural and environmental characteristics at multiple scales.  

HS.67 Evaluate historical sources for perspective, limitations, accuracy, and historical context.  

HS.68  Select and analyze historical information, including contradictory evidence, from a variety of primary and secondary sources to support or reject a claim.  

HS.73  Identify and analyze multiple and diverse perspectives as critical consumers of information.

HS.74 Analyze an event, issue, problem, or phenomenon, critiquing and evaluating characteristics,  influences, causes, and both short- and long-term effects.  

HS.75  Evaluate options for individual and collective actions to address local, regional and global problems by engaging in self-reflection, strategy identification, and complex causal reasoning. 

HS.76 Propose, compare, and evaluate multiple responses, alternatives, or solutions to issues or problems; then reach an informed, defensible, supported conclusion.  

HS.57  Examine and evaluate the origins of fundamental political debates and how conflict,  compromise, and cooperation have shaped unity and diversity in world, U.S., and Oregon history. 

HS.58 bAnalyze ideas critical to the development of social, labor, and political movements in history. 

HS.59  Analyze and explain the history of the American Indian/Alaska Natives/Native Hawaiians in  Oregon and the United States regarding their culture, tribal sovereignty, and issues of concern, past and  present. 

HS.62  Identify, analyze, and celebrate the histories and contributions of traditionally marginalized groups* and individuals in shaping the cultures of Oregon, the United States, and the  world.  

HS.63  Examine the personal and historical development of identity, including concepts of race,  ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, and religion.  

HS.65  Identify and explain strategies of survivance, resistance and societal change by individuals and traditionally marginalized groups confronting discrimination, genocide, and other forms of violence, based on race, national origin, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, and gender. 

HS.66  Identify and analyze the nature of structural and systemic oppression on LGBTQ, people  experiencing disability, ethnic and religious groups, as well as other traditionally marginalized groups,  and their role in the pursuit of justice and equality in Oregon, the United States, and the world. 

HS.39  Use maps, satellite images, photographs, and other representations to explain relationships between the locations of places and regions and their political, cultural, and  economic dynamics.

HS.46  Analyze how humans have used technology to modify the physical environment (e.g.,  dams, tractor, housing types, and transportation systems).  
 

HS.61  Analyze and explain the multiple experiences and perspectives of ethnic and traditionally marginalized groups to investigate conflicting interpretations of past and present events of national and/or global interest. 

HS.64  Analyze the significance of identity in the distribution and accumulation of social, political, and economic power. 

HS.70  Identify and critique how the perspective of contemporary thinking influences our view of history. 

HS.78   Identify and critique how implicit bias, institutional racism, racial supremacy, privilege,  intersectionality, and identity, influence perspectives in the understanding of history and contemporary  events. 

HS.40  Use geographic data to analyze the interconnectedness of physical and human regional  systems (such as a river valley and culture, water rights/use in regions, choice/impact of settlement locations) and their interconnectedness to global communities. 

HS.50  Identify and analyze how map-making, zoning, and other policy decisions create social,  political, and economic realities for various population groups. 

HS.69 Create and defend a historical argument utilizing primary and secondary sources as evidence. 

HS.71 Construct arguments using precise claims, integrating and evaluating information provided by multiple sources, diverse media, and formats, while acknowledging counterclaims and evidentiary strengths and weaknesses. 

HS.72 Construct explanations using sound reasoning, correct sequence (linear or nonlinear), examples,  and details with significant and pertinent information and data, while acknowledging the strengths and  weaknesses of the explanations given its purpose (such as validity, value and limitation, cause and  effect, chronological, procedural, technical).  

HS.77  Engage in informed and respectful deliberation and discussion of issues, events, and ideas applying a range of strategies and procedures to make decisions and take informed action. 

HS.38  Use technologies to create maps to display and explain the spatial patterns of cultural and environmental characteristics at multiple scales.  

HS.67 Evaluate historical sources for perspective, limitations, accuracy, and historical context.  

HS.68  Select and analyze historical information, including contradictory evidence, from a variety of primary and secondary sources to support or reject a claim.  

HS.73  Identify and analyze multiple and diverse perspectives as critical consumers of information.

HS.74 Analyze an event, issue, problem, or phenomenon, critiquing and evaluating characteristics,  influences, causes, and both short- and long-term effects.  

HS.75  Evaluate options for individual and collective actions to address local, regional and global problems by engaging in self-reflection, strategy identification, and complex causal reasoning. 

HS.76 Propose, compare, and evaluate multiple responses, alternatives, or solutions to issues or problems; then reach an informed, defensible, supported conclusion.  

HS.57  Examine and evaluate the origins of fundamental political debates and how conflict,  compromise, and cooperation have shaped unity and diversity in world, U.S., and Oregon history.  

HS.58  Analyze ideas critical to the development of social, labor, and political movements in history. 

HS.59  Analyze and explain the history of the American Indian/Alaska Natives/Native Hawaiians in  Oregon and the United States regarding their culture, tribal sovereignty, and issues of concern, past and  present. 

HS.60  Analyze and explain the historic and contemporary examples of social and political conflicts  and compromises including the actions of traditionally marginalized individuals and groups addressing  inequities, inequality, power, and justice in the U.S. and the world.

HS.61  Analyze and explain the multiple experiences and perspectives of ethnic and traditionally  marginalized groups to investigate conflicting interpretations of past and present events of national  and/or global interest. 

HS.62   Identify, analyze, and celebrate the histories and contributions of traditionally  marginalized groups and individuals in shaping the cultures of Oregon, the United States, and the  world. 

HS.66   Identify and analyze the nature of structural and systemic oppression on LGBTQ, people  experiencing disability, ethnic and religious groups, as well as other traditionally marginalized groups,  and their role in the pursuit of justice and equality in Oregon, the United States, and the world. 

HS.14  Evaluate the selection of monetary and fiscal policies in response to a variety of  economic conditions and indicators and the role and function of the Federal Reserve. 

HS.15   Analyze benefits and risks of various methods of organizing a business. (entrepreneurship, sole proprietorship, partnerships, joint ventures, and corporations, private vs. public).  

HS.16   Use economic indicators to analyze the current and future state of the economy. 

HS.18   Explain the function of the stock market. 

HS.19   Interpret the “circular flow” of economic activity and the role of producers, consumers,  and government. 

HS.20  Identify and explain how the business cycle has a positive and negative disparate impact on  the allocation of resources for producers and consumers, including traditionally underrepresented  groups, in multiple communities in urban, rural, regional, and global economies.  

HS.28  Identify strategies of establishing and maintaining a good credit rating, and identify and  evaluate sources of credit and their advantages and disadvantages. 

HS.32  Identify financial institutions in the community and their purpose (such as banks, credit  unions, consumer/business loans, deposit insurance, investments/trust services, non-traditional  banking). 

HS.50   Identify and analyze how map-making, zoning, and other policy decisions create social,  political, and economic realities for various population groups. 
 

HS.17  Analyze the impact of the use of slavery and other exploitative labor systems (e.g., indenture,  peonage, convict leasing, sharecropping, bracero program, migrant labor, Chinese immigrants labor,  contemporary prison labor) on the development of the U.S. infrastructure, wage-competition, trade,  and standards of living in local, state, and global markets.  

HS.22  Describe the potential intended and unintended benefits and negative consequences of  government economic programs and policies on the welfare and well-being of individuals and groups  including traditionally marginalized groups.   

HS.37  Analyze how external factors such as marketing and advertising techniques might  influence spending and saving decisions. 

HS.42  Analyze the impact of economic activities and political decisions on spatial patterns within  and among urban, suburban, and rural regions. 

HS.51  Explain how power and privilege influence where people live and how they interact with  their environment at the intergroup and institutional levels and how they have been affected. 

HS.61  Analyze and explain the multiple experiences and perspectives of ethnic and traditionally marginalized groups to investigate conflicting interpretations of past and present events of national and/or global interest. 

HS.70  Identify and critique how the perspective of contemporary thinking influences our view of history. 

HS.78   Identify and critique how implicit bias, institutional racism, racial supremacy, privilege,  intersectionality, and identity, influence perspectives in the understanding of history and contemporary  events. 
 

HS.71 Construct arguments using precise claims, integrating and evaluating information provided by multiple sources, diverse media, and formats, while acknowledging counterclaims and evidentiary strengths and weaknesses. 

HS.72 Construct explanations using sound reasoning, correct sequence (linear or nonlinear), examples,  and details with significant and pertinent information and data, while acknowledging the strengths and  weaknesses of the explanations given its purpose (such as validity, value and limitation, cause and  effect, chronological, procedural, technical).  

HS.77  Engage in informed and respectful deliberation and discussion of issues, events, and ideas applying a range of strategies and procedures to make decisions and take informed action. 
 

HS.68  Select and analyze historical information, including contradictory evidence, from a variety of primary and secondary sources to support or reject a claim.  

HS.73  Identify and analyze multiple and diverse perspectives as critical consumers of information.

HS.76 Propose, compare, and evaluate multiple responses, alternatives, or solutions to issues or problems; then reach an informed, defensible, supported conclusion.  

HS.2  Identify and analyze the existence and perpetuation of discrimination and inequity in the  local, state, national, or global context.  

HS.3  Identify, discuss, and explain the exclusionary language and intent of the Oregon and  U.S. Constitution and the provisions and process for the expansion and protection of civil  rights.  

HS.6   Examine institutions, functions and processes of the United States government.  

HS.8   Examine the institutions, functions, and processes of Oregon’s state, county, local and  regional governments.  

HS.5  Compare and contrast the United States’ republican form of government to direct  democracy, theocracy, oligarchy, authoritarianism, and monarchy.  

HS.6  Examine institutions, functions and processes of the United States government.  

HS.7  Evaluate the relationships among governments at the local, state, tribal, national, and  global levels.  

HS.71 Construct arguments using precise claims, integrating and evaluating information provided by  multiple sources, diverse media, and formats, while acknowledging counterclaims and evidentiary strengths and weaknesses.

HS.75 Evaluate options for individual and collective actions to address local, regional and global problems by engaging in self-reflection, strategy identification, and complex causal reasoning.  

HS.77 Engage in informed and respectful deliberation and discussion of issues, events, and ideas  applying a range of strategies and procedures to make decisions and take informed action. 

HS.78   Identify and critique how implicit bias, institutional racism, racial supremacy, privilege,  intersectionality, and identity, influence perspectives in the understanding of history and contemporary  events.
 

HS.1  Analyze the positive and negative implications of the US Constitution, Bill of Rights and  Amendments, Supreme Court decisions, Federal Laws, and executive orders, for political, legal,  economic, and social equality for all, including traditionally marginalized groups.  

HS.9  Analyze political parties, interest and community groups, and mass media and how they  influence the beliefs and behaviors of individuals, and local, state, and national constituencies.  

HS.10   Analyze United States foreign policy and the role of institutions and interest groups in  creating policy and evaluate their impact on the United States and the international community. 

HS.11.  Analyze and evaluate the methods for challenging, resisting, and changing society in  the promotion of equity, justice and equality.  

HS.14  Evaluate the selection of monetary and fiscal policies in response to a variety of  economic conditions and indicators and the role and function of the Federal Reserve. 

HS.15  Analyze benefits and risks of various methods of organizing a business. (entrepreneurship, sole proprietorship, partnerships, joint ventures, and corporations, private vs. public).  

HS.16  Use economic indicators to analyze the current and future state of the economy. 

HS.18  Explain the function of the stock market.  

HS.19  Interpret the “circular flow” of economic activity and the role of producers, consumers,  and government. 

HS.20   Identify and explain how the business cycle has a positive and negative disparate impact on  the allocation of resources for producers and consumers, including traditionally underrepresented  groups, in multiple communities in urban, rural, regional, and global economies. 

HS.23   Explain how the global economy has developed and describe the involvement of free trade, comparative advantage, specialization, and interdependence.

HS.28  Identify strategies of establishing and maintaining a good credit rating, and identify and  evaluate sources of credit and their advantages and disadvantages. 

HS.32  Identify financial institutions in the community and their purpose (such as banks, credit  unions, consumer/business loans, deposit insurance, investments/trust services, non-traditional  banking). 

HS.50  Identify and analyze how map-making, zoning, and other policy decisions create social,  political, and economic realities for various population groups. 
 

HS.13  Analyze how incentives influence choices that may result in policies with a range of costs and benefits for different groups.

HS.17  Analyze the impact of the use of slavery and other exploitative labor systems (e.g., indenture,  peonage, convict leasing, sharecropping, bracero program, migrant labor, Chinese immigrants labor,  contemporary prison labor) on the development of the U.S. infrastructure, wage-competition, trade,  and standards of living in local, state, and global markets.  

HS.21  Analyze the ways in which incentives and competition influence production and distribution in a market system. 

HS.22  Describe the potential intended and unintended benefits and negative consequences of  government economic programs and policies on the welfare and well-being of individuals and groups  including traditionally marginalized groups.   

HS.24  Explain how current globalization trends and policies affect economic growth, labor markets, labor conditions, human rights, the environment, and resource and income distribution in different nations.

HS.51  Explain how power and privilege influence where people live and how they interact with  their environment at the intergroup and institutional levels and how they have been affected.

HS.78   Identify and critique how implicit bias, institutional racism, racial supremacy, privilege,  intersectionality, and identity, influence perspectives in the understanding of history and contemporary  events. 
 

HS.71 Construct arguments using precise claims, integrating and evaluating information provided by  multiple sources, diverse media, and formats, while acknowledging counterclaims and evidentiary strengths and weaknesses.

HS.77 Engage in informed and respectful deliberation and discussion of issues, events, and ideas  applying a range of strategies and procedures to make decisions and take informed action. 
 

HS.68  Select and analyze historical information, including contradictory evidence, from a variety of primary and secondary sources to support or reject a claim.  

HS.73  Identify and analyze multiple and diverse perspectives as critical consumers of information. 

HS.76  Propose, compare, and evaluate multiple responses, alternatives, or solutions to issues or problems; then reach an informed, defensible, supported conclusion.